Skip to main content

Important Centres Of the Indus Valley Civilization

Indus Valley Civilisation(IVC) was one of the oldest civilisation in the world. It was contemporary to ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. This a Bronze Age urban civilisation was located in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. It was flourished on the back on river Indus. 


Important Centres Of the Indus Valley Civilization


Place/River/LocationImportant Feature / Findings
Harappa/ Ravi River/ Montgomery, Sahiwal Dist, Western Punjab, Pakistan1. In 1921, Harappa was discovered by Dayaram Sahni. It was the first discovered the site of the Indus Valley Civilisation.

2. Great Granary – Two rows of six granaries.

3. Single room Barracks(labour quarter).

4. A male statue in a dancing pose (Nataraj Siva).

5. Direct trade relationship with Mesopotamia.

6. Other Findings – Wooden coffin, a painting showing two antelopes and a hunter, model of bullock cart, bronze mirror.
Mohenjodaro/ Indus River/ Larkana Dist, Sindh, Pakistan1. In 1922, Mohenjodaro was discovered by Rakhaldas Banarjee. It was the second discovered site of Indus Valley Civilisation.

2. The local name of Mohenjodaro was ” The Mount of Dead”.

3. One of the largest Indus Centre.

4. Bronze Statue of dancing girl.

5. Great bath for ritual bathing ( stone was not used to make the great Bath).

6. Direct trade contact with Mesopotamia.

7. Multi-pillar Assembly Hall.

8. Temple like structure.

9. Largest number of wells.

10. Image of Unicorn.

11. Mohammedan was destroyed by drawn.

12. Great Granary- considered as the largest building of the Indus Valley Civilisation.

13. Image of Pashupati or Adi Shiva.

14. Statue of a bearded man (Priest king).

Chanhudaro
(Industrial Town)/ Indus River/ Sindh, Pakistan		1. In 1930-31, it was first excavated by N. G. Majumdar, later it was further excavated by Ernest Jhon Henry Mackay.

2. Only Indus city with no Citadel excavated.

3. An Ink pot was found.

4. Evidence of lipstick.

5. Evidence of human sacrifice.

6. Other findings – seeds of mustard, footprint of Elephant, Bronze Chariot.
Mehrgarh (Neolithic Period)/ Kchhi Plain, near Bolan pass/ Baluchistan, Pakistan1. In 1973-74, it was excavated by jean Francois Jarrige and Catherine Jarrige.

2. Oldest Civilisation of Indian continent.

3. Precursor to the Indus Valley Civilisation.

4. Evidence of Agriculture.
Sutkagan Dor/ Dasht River/ Baluchistan, Pakistan1. Westernmost site of Indus Valley Civilisation.
Lothal/ Bhogavor, Sabarmati River/ Gujarat, India1. In 1954, it was discovered by S R Rao.

2. Port City/ Manchester City.

3. It was an important trade centre of Indus Valley Civilisation.

4. Artificial Dockyard.

5. Model of ships.

6. Evidence of rice cultivation.

7. Evidence of double burial- burying a male and female in a single grave.

8. Houses with the front entry (houses of all the other cities had backside entry).

9. City was divided into six centres and each of these sectors was raised on a high platform.

10. Scale of measuring 180, 90 and 45-degree angles found.

11. A game similar to modern-day chess, painting of cunning fox, fire altars are found.

12. Evidence of surgery.


Surkatada / Kutch Region, Gujarat, India1.This side was discovered by J. P. Joshi.

2. Provided first actual remains of house bones.
Dholavira/ Khadirbet, Kutch Region, Gujarat, India1. This site was discovered by S. P. Joshi and R. S Bisht.

2. Figure of chariot tied to a pair of bullocks and driven by a nude human.

3. use of rocks of construction.

4. A stadium was found.

5. Evidence of signboard inscription.

4. Only Indus Valley Civilisation divided into 3 parts.

5. Evidence of giant water reservoir ( highly developed water management system), step well ( larger than the Great Bath of Mohenjodaro).

6. Astronomical Observatory was found.
Kalibangan/ Ghaggar River/Ganganagar Dist, Rajasthan1. The site was discovered by B. B. Lal.

2. Kalibangan means Black Bangles.

3. Remains of a massive brick wall surrounded both the Citadel and the lower town.

4. Bones of Camel.

5. Plough field( oldest plough field in India).

6. Wooden plough, fire alter was found.

7. Evidence of earthquake and evidence of surgery.
Manda/ Jammu & Kashmir1. The side was discovered by J. P Joshi.

2. Northernmost site of Indus Valley Civilisation.
Algmgirpur/ Hindon River/ Uttar Pradesh1. Easternmost side of Indus Valley Civilisation.
Ropar/ Sutlej River/ Punjab, India1. After Independence first discovered the site of Indus Valley Civilisation in India.

2. Double burial of a man and a dog.
Daimabad/ Godavari River/Maharashtra1. Southernmost side of the Indus Valley Civilisation.

2. Four unique Bronze statue of Elephant, Rhino, Buffalo, Chariot.
Kotdigi/ Sindh Province, PakistanDestroyed by fire.
Amri/ Sindh Province, Pakistan1. Remains of Rhino, fire alter.
Allahdino/ Sindh Province, Pakistan1. Small terracotta jar with gold, silver and bronze ornament.
Rakhigarhi/ Saraswati River/ Hariyana, India1. Largest Indus city.

2. A female figure with a pose similar to the Bronze Statue of Dancing Girl and a double burial of a man and a woman.
Banawali/ Rangoi and Sutlej River/ Hariyana, India1. Terracotta plough and a jeweller’s workshop.


      Labels:

      Comments

      Post a Comment

      Popular posts from this blog

      Important Features of Indus Valley Civilisation

      Town Planning The Towns are generally divided into two parts: the upper part – or citadel – which was occupied by the ruling class and the lower part, occupied by the common inhabited. The dwellings are either made of mud brick or baked bricks. Grid System can be seen. Roads cut across one another almost right angles and the city was divided into many blocks- regular and square shapes. The underground drainage system can be seen in almost every big and small houses had its own courtyard and bathroom. Drains were covered with bricks and sometimes with stone slabs. Manholes also found on the streets. The underground drainage system was first introduced by the Harappans in the world. Political Life Although there was no clear evidence of the political system it is assumed that the society was ruled by the merchant classes. Trade They had a trade relationship with Egypt, Mesopotamia, Dilmun (Modern Bahrain), and Aryans. Cotton goods, agricultural products, pottery, terracotta figure, certa
      Post a Comment
      Read more

      List of Ramsar Sites in India

        Ramsar sites are protected wetland areas across the world under the Ramsar Convention program launched by UNESCO in 1971 at Ramsar city Iran. It came into force in 1975. Ramsar sites can be marine/coastal wetlands, manmade wetlands or inland water. At present, there are 2300   Ramsar sites in the world , among them, 37 Ramsar sites are present in India. List of Ramsar Sites in India Ramsar Site Location Surinsar- Mansar lakes    Jammu & Kashmir Hokera Wetland Jammu & Kashmir Wular Lake Jammu & Kashmir Tsomoriri Ladakh Chandra Taal Himachal Pradesh Pong Dam lake Himachal Pradesh Renuka lake Himachal Pradesh Keshopur-Miani Community Reserve Punjab Harike Wetlands Punjab Kanjli Wetland Punjab Beas Conservation Reserve Punjab Nangal Wildlife Sanctuary Punjab Ropar Wetland Punjab Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary Uttar Pradesh Parvati Arga Bird Sanctuary Uttar Pradesh Saman Bird Sanctuary Uttar Pradesh Samaspur Bird Sanctuary Uttar Pradesh Sandi Bird Sanctuary Uttar Pradesh Sarsai Nawa
      Post a Comment
      Read more

      Advent Of The Europeans in India

        Portuguese traders were the first to discover the sea route to India in 1948. They were followed by the Dutch in 1595 then by the English and France. Economic competition among the European countries let to the founding of various commercial companies, for example, the English East India Company in 1602.   Portuguese (1502- 1961) Portuguese were the first to come and last to leave. Cartaz System: Captain of all India ships were obliged to buy passes from the Viceroy of Goa. In the absence of the pass, their ships could be ceased by the Portuguese. Portuguese introduced the cultivation of tobacco, potato, corn, ladies finger, sapota, papaya, orange, cashew and so on. In 1556 the first printing press was introduced in India by the Portuguese at Goa. 1. Vasco da Gama Portuguese sailor Vasco da Gama first discovered the sea route to the Indian continent via the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa on May 1498. During this time the Calicut was ruled by Hindu ruler Zamorin. In 1502, he establ
      Post a Comment
      Read more